What the conflict with Iran means for Pakistan
The US-Israel attacks on Iran, including the killing of Ayatollah Khamenei, has triggered a regional crisis whose shockwaves are already being felt from the Gulf to South Asia. For Pakistan, the timing could hardly be worse. Islamabad is simultaneously engaged in a growing conflict with Afghanistan which has been described as "open war", while already struggling with persistent militancy and economic fragility. The Iran crisis multiplies Pakistan's security and economic stresses. Iranian retaliation across the region, including missile and drone strikes targeting Israel and US military facilities, has heightened fears of a prolonged confrontation that will destabilise energy markets. Pakistan remains heavily dependent on imported oil and liquefied natural gas, leaving its fragile economy particularly vulnerable to price shocks and supply disruptions. A sustained regional conflict would therefore translate quickly into fiscal strain and increased economic strain. The secta...